Dictionary of Botanical Epithets

subacaulis - sylvestris

© 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005   

Epithet	Definition
	Derivation	Stem	Type/   Gender	Meaning
subacaulis subacaulis subacaule	almost stemless
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	a	a	pre	α-  not, without, less
	caulis	caul	adj/	καυλοϛ  stem of a plant; usual spelling was colis or coles
	Pediomelum subacaule (Torr. & Gray) Rydb. Camissonia subacaulis (Pursh) Raven
subalbicans subalbicans subalbicans	less than white
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	albicans	albicant	apar	albico to be white
	Leprocaulon subalbicans (Lamb) Lamb & Ward
subalpinus subalpina subalpinum	from lower mountain heights
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	alpinus	alpin	adj	of alps, mountains
	Draba subalpina Goodman & C.L.Hitchc. Eriogonum subalpinum Greene Calochortus subalpinus Piper
subasperrimus subasperrima subasperrimum	less than roughest
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	superlative of asper	asper	adj	rough
	rimus	rim	adj	superlative suffix; most so, to the greatest degree; most-, -est (e.g. largest, prettiest, whitest)
	Brachythecium subasperrimum Card. & ThÇr.
subbiflorus subbiflora subbiflorum	almost 2 flowered
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	bi	bi	pre	bis twice
	florus	flor	ppar	floreo to bloom, to flower
	Lotus subbiflorus Lag.
subcapitatus subcapitata subcapitatum	somewhat with heads
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	capitatus	capitat	adj	having a head
	Draba subcapitata Simm.
subcarnosus subcarnosa subcarnosum	somewhat fleshy
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	carnosus	carnos	adj	fleshy
	Lupinus subcarnosus Hook.
subcaulescens subcaulescens subcaulescens	short stem
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	caulis	caul	noun/m	καυλοϛ  stem of a plant; usual spelling was colis or coles
	escens	escent	adj	adjective suffix for nouns or adjectives: becoming like, incomplete resemblance -ish
	Selaginella subcaulescens Baker
subciliatus subciliata subciliatum	somewhat hairy
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	cilium	cili	noun/n	eyelash & eyelid together
	atus	at	adj	adjectival suffix for nouns: possessive of or likeness of something (with, shaped, made)/ for verb participles: a completed action, -ed
	Silene subciliata B.L.Robins.
subdecoloratus subdecolorata subdecoloratum	somewhat discolored
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	decolor	decolor	adj	without the natural color
	atus	at	adj	adjectival suffix for nouns: possessive of or likeness of something (with, shaped, made)/ for verb participles: a completed action, -ed
suberosus suberosa suberosum	with corklike features
	suber	suber	noun/n	the cork tree: Quercus suber; cork
	osus	os	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: plenitude or notable development
	Passiflora suberosa L. Rhododendron suberosum Balf. f. & Forrest
subflabellatus subflabellata subflabellatum	somewhat fanlike
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	flabellum	flabell	noun/n	small hand fan
	atus	at	adj	adjectival suffix for nouns: possessive of or likeness of something (with, shaped, made)/ for verb participles: a completed action, -ed
	Aciphylla subflabellata W.Oliv.
subgemmifer subgemmifera subgemmiferum	bearing fewer 'gems'
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	gemma	gemm	noun/f	originally, a bud on a plant; a gem
	i	i	cnct	connective vowel used by botanical Latin
	fer	fer	apar	fero to bear, carry, bring
subgibbosus subgibbosa subgibbosum	somewhat humped
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	gibbus	gibb	noun/m	hump, hunch
	osus	os	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: plenitude or notable development
	Neoporteria subgibbosa (Haw.) Britton & Rose
subglaber subglabra subglabrum	approaching hairless
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	glaber	glabr	adj	hairless, smooth, bald
	Penstemon subglaber Rydb.
subglobosus subglobosa subglobosum	almost spherical
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	globosus	globos	adj	spherical
	Livistona subglobosa (Hassk.) C. Mart. Anthracothecium subglobosum Riddle Saribus subglobosus Hassk.
subhirsutus subhirsuta subhirsutum	somewhat hairy
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	hirsutus	hirsut	adj	rough, shaggy, bristly
	Allium subhirsutum L. Lupinus subhirsutus A. Davids.
subhirtellus subhirtella subhirtellum	almost a little hairy
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	hirtus	hirt	adj	hairy, shaggy, rough, uncultivated
	ellus	ell	adj	adjective suffix for adjective: diminutive
	Prunus subhirtella Miq.
subincisus subincisa subincisum	somewhat incised
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	incisus	incis	ppar	incido to cut into, through, up
	Ctenitis subincisa (Willd.) Ching
subinteger subintegra subintegrum	mostly entire
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	integer	integr	adj	entire, whole, complete; unbroken, unhurt; fresh, new
	Hymenoxys subintegra Cockerell
subintegerrimus subintegerrima subintegerrimum	most entire
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	superlative of integer	integer	adj	entire, whole, complete; unbroken, unhurt; fresh, new
	rimus	rim	adj	superlative suffix; most so, to the greatest degree; most-, -est (e.g. largest, prettiest, whitest)
	Aster subintegerrimus (Trautv.) Ostenf. & Resvoll
sublimis sublimis sublime	high or lofty
	sublimis	sublim	adj	high, lofty, exaulted
submammillaris submammillaris submammillare	small nipples
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	mammilla	mammill	noun/f	incorrect spelling of mamilla; a breast, teat
	aris	ar	adj	alis adjective suffix for nouns: of or pertaining to
submammulosus submammulosa submammulosum	small nippled
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	mammula	mammul	noun/f	a small breast, teat
	osus	os	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: plenitude or notable development
submarginatus submarginata submarginatum	small margined
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	marginatus	marginat	ppar	marginato to furnish with a border; to border, enclose with a margin
	Abrotanella submarginata A.Gray
submersus submersa submersum	under water
	submersus	submers	ppar	summergo to sink, submerge (also submergo)
	Aspicilia submersa (Lamy) Hue Ceratophyllum submersum L.
subminutissimus subminutissima subminutissimum	smaller than the smallest
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	superlative of minutus	minut	ppar	small, minute, little
	issimus	issim	adj	superlative suffix; most so, to the greatest degree; most-, -est (e.g. largest, prettiest, whitest)
	Arthonia subminutissima Nyl.
subnudus subnuda subnudum	somewhat bare
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	nudus	nud	adj	naked, bare, unclothed
	Gilia subnuda Torr. ex Gray Thelesperma subnudum Gray
subpumilus subpumila subpumilum	somewhat dwarfed
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	pumilus	pumil	adj	dwarfish, little
subpuniceus subpunicea subpuniceum	somewhat purple
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	puniceus	punice	adj	reddish, purple
	Haematomma subpuniceum (Mull. Arg.) de Lesd.
subradiatus subradiata subradiatum	paritally rayed
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	radiatus	radiat	ppar	with rays; shining
	Cladonia subradiata (Vainio) Sandst. Placynthium subradiatum (Nyl.) Arnold
subramosus subramosa subramosum	less than 'many branched'
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	ramosus	ramos	adj	with many branches
	Lecidea subramosa Lowe
subrigidus subrigida subrigidum	less rigid
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	rigidus	rigid	adj	stiff, hard, inflexible, rigid
	Echeveria subrigida (B. L. Rob. & Seaton) Rose
subrotundifolius subrotundifolia subrotundifolium	leaves less round
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	rotundus	rotund	adj	round, spherical
	i	i	cnct	connective vowel used by botanical Latin
	folius	foli	adj	folium leaf
	Crataegus subrotundifolia Sarg.
subrotundus subrotunda subrotundum	less round
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	rotundus	rotund	adj	round, spherical
	Osteomeles subrotunda K. Koch Cinclidium subrotundum Lindb.
subrubellus subrubella subrubellum	somewhat reddish
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	rubellus	rubell	adj	reddish
	Arthonia subrubella Nyl.
subrugosus subrugosa subrugosum	less wrinkled
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	rugosus	rugos	adj	wrinkled, shriveled
	Lecanora subrugosa Nyl.
subsaxatilis subsaxatilis subsaxatile	growing among fewer rocks
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	saxatilis	saxatil	adj	dwells or is found among rocks, frequents rocks
	Hypotrachyna subsaxatilis (de Lesd.) Hale
subscaposus subscaposa subscaposum	under scape
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	scaposus	scapos	adj	scapus shaft, stem, stalk, trunk
	Brassica subscaposa Maire & Weiller
subsecundus subsecunda subsecundum	partially secund
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	secundus	secund	adj	following, next, second
	Sphagnum subsecundum Nees in Sturm Elymus subsecundus (Link) A. Love & D. Love
subsericeus subsericea subsericeum	partially silken
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	sericeus	serice	adj	sericis σερικοϛ  of silk (misspelled: sericeus)
	Raoulia subsericea Hook. f. Ceanothus subsericeus Rydb.
subserratus subserrata subserratum	partially serrated
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	serratus	serrat	adj	saw like, serrated, saw toothed
	Arabis subserrata Greene Penstemon subserratus Pennell
subsessilis subsessilis subsessile	nearly sessil
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	sessilis	sessil	adj	seated; (of flowers) low, dwarf
	Rhododendron subsessile Rendle Aster subsessilis Burgess
subsimilis subsimilis subsimile	somewhat similar
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	similis	simil	adj	like, resembling, similar
subspicatus subspicata subspicatum	mostly spiked
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	spicatus	spicat	ppar	spico to grow ears, spikes (like corn)
	Sansevieria subspicata Baker Symphyotrichum subspicatum (Nees) Nesom Aster subspicatus Nees
subspinosus subspinosa subspinosum	somewhat spiny
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	spinosus	spinos	adj	thorny
	Saurauia subspinosa J. Anthony Teucrium subspinosum Pourr. ex Willd.
subterraneus subterranea subterraneum	underground
	subterraneus	subterrane	adj	subterranean, underground
	Glycine subterranea L. Trifolium subterraneum L. Turbinicarpus subterraneus (Backeb.) A. D. Zimm.
subtilissimus subtilissima subtilissimum	most delicate
	superlative of subtilis	subtil	adj	fine, thin, delicate
	issimus	issim	adj	superlative suffix; most so, to the greatest degree; most-, -est (e.g. largest, prettiest, whitest)
	Allium subtilissimum Ledeb.
subtrinervis subtrinervis subtrinerve	mostly 3 veined
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	tri	tri	pre	tres three
	nervus	nerv	noun/m	νευρον  a sinew, tendon, nerve
	is		adj	adjectival suffix
	Erigeron subtrinervis Rydb. ex Porter & Britt.
subtrinervius subtrinervia subtrinervium	barely three nerved
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	tri	tri	pre	tres three
	nervus	nerv	noun/m	νευρον  a sinew, tendon, nerve
	ius	i	adj	-ιοϛ  adjective suffix for nouns: characteristic of, connected to, resembling, when related to -eus: of..., ...like
	Acer subtrinervium F. P. Metcalf
subtriplinervius subtriplinervia subtriplinervium	mostly 3 veined
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	triplus	tripl	adj	τριπλουϛ  triple, threefold
	i	i	cnct	connective vowel used by botanical Latin
	nervus	nerv	noun/m	νευρον  a sinew, tendon, nerve
	ius	i	adj	-ιοϛ  adjective suffix for nouns: characteristic of, connected to, resembling, when related to -eus: of..., ...like
	Ficus subtriplinervia C. Mart. Heterocentron subtriplinervium (Link & Otto) A.Braun & Bouche
subulatus subulata subulatum	awl shaped
	subula	subul	noun/f	awl
	atus	at	adj	adjectival suffix for nouns: possessive of or likeness of something (with, shaped, made)/ for verb participles: a completed action, -ed
	Phlox subulata L. Phleum subulatum (Savi) Asch. & Graebn. Aster subulatus Michx.
subvestitus subvestita subvestitum	somewhat clothed
	sub	sub	pre	below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	vestitus	vestit	ppar	vestio to clothe, to dress
	Ribes subvestitum Hook. & Arn. Astragalus subvestitus (Jepson) Barneby
succulentus succulenta succulentum	markedly juicy
	succus	succ	noun/m	sucus juice or moisture of living things; strength, vigor
	ulentus	ulent	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: plenitude or notable development, from more recent coinage of words, see '-osus'
	Bourreria succulenta Jacq. Crossidium succulentum Holz. & Bartr. Lupinus succulentus Dougl. ex K.Koch
succumbens succumbens succumbens	falling down
	succumbens	succumbent	apar	succumbo to fall, lie, or sink down
	Astragalus succumbens Dougl. ex Hook.
suffocatus suffocata suffocatum	strangled
	suffocatus	suffocat	ppar	suffoco to strangle, suffocate, choke
	Trifolium suffocatum L.
suffrutescens suffrutescens suffrutescens	somewhat shrubby
	suf	suf	pre	sub below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	frutescens	frutescent	apar	frutico to put out shoots, to become bushy
	Antennaria suffrutescens Greene
suffruticosus suffruticosa suffruticosum	somewhat shrubby
	suf	suf	pre	sub below, under, up from under, almost, approaching; botany: less so than a similar plant
	fruticosus	fruticos	adj	bushy, shrubby
	Calendula suffruticosa Vahl Epilobium suffruticosum Nutt. Haplopappus suffruticosus (Nutt.) Gray
sulcatus sulcata sulcatum	furrowed
	sulcatus	sulcat	ppar	sulco to plow, furrow
	Sehima sulcata (Hack.) A. Camus Trillium sulcatum Patrick Anthoceros sulcatus Austin
sulcinervius sulcinervia sulcinervium	veins impressed
	sulcus	sulc	noun/m	furrow, ditch
	i	i	cnct	connective vowel used by botanical Latin
	nervus	nerv	noun/m	νευρον  a sinew, tendon, nerve
	ius	i	adj	-ιοϛ  adjective suffix for nouns: characteristic of, connected to, resembling, when related to -eus: of..., ...like
	Huperzia sulcinervia (Spring) Trevisan Lycopodium sulcinervium Spring Urostachys sulcinervius (Spring) Herter ex Nessel
sulphureus sulphurea sulphureum	yellow like sulphur
	sulphureus	sulphure	adj	sulpherous (also sulfureus)
	Castilleja sulphurea Rydb. Bryophyllum sulphureum (Baker) A. Berger Cosmos sulphureus Cav.
superbus superba superbum	superb
	superbus	superb	adj	haughty, arrogant; superior, splendid
	Gloriosa superba L. Lilium superbum L. Calochortus superbus Purdy ex J.T.Howell
supinus supina supinum	lying down
	supinus	supin	adj	bent backwards, lying on the back
	Linaria supina (L.) Chaz. Gnaphalium supinum L. Juncus supinus Moench
surculosus surculosa surculosum	suckering
	surculus	surcul	adj	a young branch, sprout; a graft, sucker
	osus	os	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: plenitude or notable development
	Eurybia surculosa (Michx.) Nesom Elatostema surculosum Wight Aster surculosus Michx.
suspensus suspensa suspensum	hanging
	suspensus	suspens	ppar	suspendo to hand, suspend
	Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl Viburnum suspensum Lindley
sylvaticus sylvatica sylvaticum	growing in the woods, wild
	sylva	sylv	noun/f	silva woods, forest
	aticus	atic	adj	adjective suffix for nouns: habitat
	Carex sylvatica Huds. Geranium sylvaticum L. Scirpus sylvaticus L. p.p.
sylvester sylvestris sylvestre	growing in the woods, wild
	sylvester	sylvestr	adj	sylvestris of or belonging to the forest or woods, more correctly: silvestris, sometimes silvester
	Aruncus sylvester Kostel. ex Maxim. Chaerophyllum sylvestre L.
sylvestris sylvestris sylvestre	growing in the woods, wild
	sylvestris	sylvestr	adj	of or belonging to the forest or woods, more correctly: silvestris, sometimes silvester
	Althaea sylvestris Briganti